VioxxTM Timeline

Merck faces about 16,000 lawsuits over the cardiovascular risks of its painkiller Vioxx. Since July 2005, Merck has won five verdicts and lost four. Merck has been ordered to pay $348 million in damages, an amount that will drop to $98 million because of state caps on punitive damages. Merck withdrew Vioxx from the market in 2004.

Here is a summary of the trials to date:

July 14, 2005: The first Vioxx trial begins in Angleton, Texas, where jurors hear opening arguments on a suit by the widow of Robert Ernst, a Wal-Mart Stores Inc. produce manager who died in 2001. Ernst, a personal trainer who ran marathons, had an irregular heartbeat and suffered a fatal heart attack after using Vioxx for eight months, family attorney Mark Lanier argues. Merck says Ernst's arteries were damaged by smoking and he died from an irregular heartbeat, not a heart attack.

Aug. 19, 2005: Jurors order Merck to pay $253 million to the Ernst family, including $24.4 million in actual damages and $229 million in punitive damages. Merck vows to appeal. A state cap on punitive damages will limit the total award to $26 million. The case is Ernst v. Merck, 19961-BH02, District Court of Brazoria County, Texas (Angleton).

Sept. 14, 2005: A jury in Atlantic City, New Jersey, hears opening statements in the trial of a suit brought by Frederick Humeston, 60, an Idaho postal worker and Vietnam War veteran who blamed Vioxx for his heart attack in 2001. Merck disputes Humeston's claim that he took Vioxx for two months and attributed his heart attack to his age, weight, gender, cholesterol, blood pressure and stress.

Nov. 3, 2005: Jurors reject Humeston's claims that Merck failed to warn about the drug's risks and that the company defrauded consumers. The case is Humeston v. Merck & Co., L- 02272-03, Superior Court, New Jersey (Atlantic City).

Nov. 29, 2005: The first federal trial over Vioxx begins in Houston. In opening arguments, the attorney for the family of Richard ``Dicky'' Irvin argues that he died of a heart attack in 2001 after using Vioxx for 23 days. Merck says Irvin, a 53-year- old manager of a seafood distributor in St. Augustine, Florida, had a heart attack because of his weight and clogged arteries. The case, which was supposed to be heard in New Orleans, was moved to Houston because of Hurricane Katrina.

Dec. 12, 2005: U.S. District Judge Eldon Fallon declares a mistrial when jurors failed to reach a unanimous verdict in the Irvin case. The case is Plunkett vs. Merck & Co., 05-MD-1657, U.S. District Court, Eastern District of Louisiana (New Orleans).

Jan. 25, 2006: Jurors in Rio Grande City, Texas, hear opening arguments on a suit by the family of Leonel Garza, a retired U.S. Army sergeant who died of a heart attack on April 21, 2001. Garza's lawyers claim he took free samples of Vioxx for three weeks. Merck says he had only an eight-day supply. Merck blames his history of heart disease, dating to 1978, for the heart attack.

Feb. 6, 2006: A retrial of the Irvin lawsuit begins in federal court in New Orleans.

Feb. 17, 2006: Jurors rule Merck wasn't to blame for Irvin's heart attack. The panel deliberates three hours and 40 minutes.

March 6, 2006: Jurors in Atlantic City, New Jersey, hear opening arguments on suits by Thomas Cona, 59, and John McDarby, 77, who survived heart attacks. Cona, of Cherry Hill, New Jersey, said he took Vioxx for 22 months before his heart attack, a claim disputed by Merck. McDarby, of Park Ridge, New Jersey, is a wheelchair-bound diabetic who took Vioxx for four years before his heart attack in April 2004. Merck blames their heart attacks on their age, coronary artery disease and other ailments, including high blood pressure and cholesterol.

April 5, 2006: Jurors order Merck to pay $4.5 million in compensatory damages to McDarby for his heart attack and nothing to Cona, who was represented by Lanier. The panel finds that Merck failed to warn McDarby and Cona of the drug's risks. Jurors rule Merck also violated New Jersey's consumer fraud law, awarding $3,968 to McDarby, an amount tripled to $11,905 under the law. It awards $45 to Cona, tripled to $115. The consumer fraud finding allows the men's lawyers to seek legal fees and expenses. Merck opposes their request for $5.4 million.

April 11, 2006: McDarby wins $9 million in punitive damages, raising his total award to $13.5 million. Merck says it will appeal. The cases are McDarby v. Merck & Co., L-1296-05, and Cona v. Merck & Co., L-3553-05, Superior Court, New Jersey (Atlantic City).

April 21, 2006: Jurors in Texas award $32 million to the family of Garza, including $25 million in punitive damages. State law caps the punitive damages at $750,000. Merck vowed to appeal. The case is Garza v. Evans, DC-03-84, 229th Judicial District Court, Starr County, Texas (Rio Grande City).

June 5, 2006: Jurors in Atlantic City hear opening arguments in the case of Elaine Doherty, a 68-year-old grandmother who survived a heart attack in January 2004 after taking Vioxx for more than two years. Merck blames her age, obesity, blood pressure, cholesterol and clogged arteries.

June 27, 2006: A state jury in Los Angeles hears opening arguments in the lawsuit of Stewart Grossberg, 71, a retired construction manager who claims he took more than 200 Vioxx pills before his heart attack in September 2001. Merck blames his age, family history, stress and high cholesterol.

July 13, 2006: Merck wins the Doherty trial when jurors rule Vioxx wasn't a cause of her heart attack. The panel rules Merck didn't warn Doherty herself of the drug's risks. Previous juries considered only whether Merck failed to warn a patient's doctor. The case is Doherty v. Merck & Co., L-638-05, Superior Court, New Jersey (Atlantic City).

July 31, 2006: Federal jurors in New Orleans hear opening arguments about a lawsuit over the 2002 heart attack of retired FBI agent Gerald Barnett, 62. Barnett, a South Carolina resident, claims he took Vioxx for more than four years. Merck blames his coronary artery disease and a family history of heart ailments. The case is Barnett v. Merck, 06-485, U.S. District Court, Eastern District of Louisiana (New Orleans).

Aug. 2, 2006: Merck wins the Grossberg trial when jurors in Los Angeles rule the company wasn't liable for his heart attack and the company wasn't negligent. The case is Vioxx Cases, JCCP4247, Superior Court, Los Angeles County, California (Los Angeles).

Aug. 17, 2006: Barnett wins $50 million in compensatory damages after jurors rule that Vioxx was a cause of his heart attack, and Merck was negligently failed to give adequate warning to his treating physicians. The jury awarded Barnett $1M in punitive damages.

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